Purpose/Significance To investigate the status quo and influencing factors of self-management level of elderly diabetic mellitus patients in Dongcheng District of Beijing, and to provide references for further development of community diabetes health education and health management. Method/Process The survey is conducted on 1 962 cases of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who are randomly selected from community-level health service institutions in Dongcheng District of Beijing and are investigated by self-made questionnaires and the summary of diabetes self-care activities. Multiple stepwise regression and logistic regression are used to analyze the influencing factors of patients’ self-management level.Result/Conclusion The self-management level of elderly diabetic mellitus patients is affected by many factors, among which the awareness of disease-related knowledge, the form of medical security and the use of health-related software to manage chronic diseases are the main influencing factors(P<0.05). Local management departments can take targeted health interventions to further improve the self-management ability of elderly diabetic mellitus patients.