Purpose/Significance To investigate the current application and challenges of artificial intelligence (AI) agent in the medical field, and to provide references for their intelligent and smart applications. Method/Process By using the literature research method, the conceptual origin and core architecture of AI agent are systematically analyzed. Their current application and challenges in the medical field are summarized, and prospects are proposed. Result/Conclusion AI agent demonstrate significant potential in integrating complex medical workflows and enhancing the efficiency of diagnosis and treatment. However, their application in the medical field remains in an exploratory stage, necessitating the resolution of technical challenges and the refinement of regulatory frameworks.