The paper briefly introduces the meaning and modules constitution of electronic medical records(EMR), discusses how to utilize EMR to realize medical quality real-time control from the following aspects: information sharing, time control, hierarchical management, clinical decision-making support. It points out the facing challenges as well as responsible countermeasures in the application process of EMR, namely, strengthening quality management education, decision-makers paying more attention, advancing overall informatization management of hospitals and improving decision-making support capability.