The paper expounds the significance and role of performance evaluation of medical research projects. Based on the theory and practice research results of science and technology project evaluation at home and abroad, combined with the actual situation of medical research in China, the evaluation principles of medical research projects are determined. The evaluation of project implementation is carried out from the aspects of leading scientific and technological achievements, talent cultivation and introduction, team building, collaborative innovation, international cooperation and exchange, and transformation of scientific and technological achievements. And the evaluation system framework of medical research projects is designed.