By applying the knowledge meta-indexing system of “disease, pulse, evidence, and treatment” of ancient Chinese medicine books and combining with modern literature research, the paper formulates vocabulary filtering strategies, word selection scope and word selection principles, etc., and constructs the tree structure of glossary of subject headings of ancient Chinese medicine books for four major diseases (stroke, heart failure, liver cirrhosis and diabetes), so as to lay the foundation for the construction of the knowledge framework of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) clinical terms for the four major diseases.