Purpose/Significance To understand the characteristics of public attention to rare diseases related information, in order to provide ideas for future research and policy formulation.Method/Process With “rare diseases” as the keyword, the search index data are collected from 2012, and summarized by year and month for secondary analysis. Population portraits are collected in September 2022, and the top 10 regions in terms of online attention to rare diseases are collected in each year from 2013 to 2021, and a secondary analysis is carried out.Result/Conclusion The public attention to rare diseases shows an increasing trend on the whole. The differences of time distribution, gender, age and region affect the attention to rare diseases, among which the publicity of news media, policy release and the high proportion of children can increase the attention to rare diseases. In order to increase the public attention to rare diseases, we should strengthen the publicity and education of rare diseases.