Purpose/Significance The study aims to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the current status and challenges of information sharing within China’s public health emergency response agencies, with the goal of proposing optimized strategies to enhance the capacity for responding to sudden public health incidents. Method/Process By collecting and organizing relevant literature, the current status and challenges of information sharing within China’s public health emergency response agencies are summarized and corresponding strategies are put forward. Result/Conclusion China’s public health emergency response agencies face challenges in information sharing such as imperfect policies, inconsistent data quality, and lack of uniformity in information systems. To address these challenges, countermeasures are proposed to improve laws, regulations and guidance documents, establish a unified information sharing platform, improve data quality and interoperability, and establish a multi-departmental cooperation mechanism.