Purpose/Significance To probe into the characteristics of high-level talents in the medical field in recent years, and to provide references for formulating talent cultivation policies and effectively playing the role of scientific and technological talents in China. Method/Process Based on Elsevier’s 2017—2021 “Highly Cited Chinese Researchers” list, the distribution pattern and development trend of candidates in the medical field for 5 consecutive years are analyzed. Result/Conclusion The study shows that the candidates are mainly from universities and research institutes, which indicates that there is a positive relationship between scientific research achievements and scientific research resource agglomeration. The number of people involved in clinical medicine and pharmacy has a significant advantage. In the past 5 years, most of the candidates have maintained high scientific research output and research activity. Based on this research, suggestions for the development of top talents in the medical field are proposed.