Purpose/Significance To explore the current situation and influencing factors of rural residents’ access to health short video information, so as to provide scientific basis for health literacy intervention and precise health services. Method/Process A multi-stage stratified sampling method is used to investigate rural residents in Shaanxi province, and the multi-level regression analysis is used to explore the influencing factors of health short video information acquisition. Result/Conclusion It is found that rural residents have a higher frequency of browsing short videos, while health short videos are less visited and obtained.Rural residents with good health conditions are more proactive in health short video information acquisition. Health information value has a positive promoting effect on the active obtainment of health short video information. Rural residents with poor health status to obtain health short video information has improved under the moderation of health information value. Health information usability plays a key role. Public health institutions should formulate the diversified intervention measures of health promotion, and promote the obtainment of health short video information.