Purpose/Significance To explore the reasons affecting the realization of the value of medical scientific data and propose pathways for enhancing the value of them, so as to provide theoretical support for the effective management and value realization of medical scientific data.Method/Process Based on the rent dissipation theory, the reasons for the loss of value in data are analyzed, and targeted pathways for value enhancement are proposed.Result/Conclusion The study finds that issues such as public property rights and weakened property rights, lack of market mechanisms, poor data quality, and insufficient openness and sharing lead to the disorderly rent dissipation of data elements value.It is suggested to improve property rights systems, explore the establishment of market-oriented circulation mechanisms, strengthen the quality management of scientific data, promote the sharing and cooperation of scientific data, and increase fairness and supervision, in order to effectively reduce the rent dissipation of medical scientific data elements and enhance their value, promote innovation in medical technology.