Purpose/Significance To systematically integrate and express knowledge from ancient materia medica literature using ontology construction technology.Method/Process The study utilizes content analysis method,reuses existing ontologies in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), establishes a rigorous knowledge level system for materia medica.Protégé is used as the ontology construction tool,combined with Neo4j graph database for knowledge presentation and application.The quality of the ontology is evaluated by calculating coverage and domain expert consultation.Result/Conclusion The ontology for the materia medica field is constructed,including 20 concept classes such as names, classifications and properties, and 15 relationships like equivalence, belonging, and treatment. The average coverage of the ontology framework terms is 90.72%.It can support the construction of knowledge bases and knowledge services in the materia medica field.