Purpose/Significance To establish a quantitative evaluation system for the innovation and translation capabilities of research-oriented hospitals, so as to provide a scientific and effective tool for the assessment of such capacities and offer data-based references for hospital administrators and policy makers. Method/Process The evaluation system is constructed through literature review, Delphi method, and brainstorming method. The entropy weight method and CRITIC combination evaluation are employed to calculate comprehensive scores and rankings of innovation translation capabilities of Chinese research-oriented hospitals. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient method is adopted to verify evaluation effectiveness. Result/Conclusion A quantitative evaluation system comprising 4 first-level indicators and 16 second-level indicators is developed. Scores and rankings of innovation translation capabilities are calculated for 44 research-oriented hospitals, and the evaluation effect is tested. The results demonstrate that the established evaluation system shows significant consistency with other authoritative rankings. While the overall innovation translation capabilities of Chinese research-oriented hospitals continue to improve, significant disparities persist in translation capacities among different hospitals.