Purpose/Significance To explore the topic structure and evolution characteristics of rehabilitation assistance policies for children with disabilities in China, and to provide a basis for optimizing rehabilitation assistance policies for children with disabilities. Method/Process Using the BERTopic model, semantic clustering and dynamic analysis are conducted on the national policy texts released from 1986 to 2024. The evolution path of the policy system is identified from three dimensions:release rhythm, structural organization, and functional evolution. Result/Conclusion The rehabilitation assistance policies for children with disabilities in China show an evolving trend from functional compensation to institutional support. It is necessary to further enhance cross-departmental collaboration, promote differentiated subsidies, and establish a “policy-service” linkage evaluation mechanism.